Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a rare benign breast disease that is difficult to distinguish from breast cancer based on clinical and imaging findings, and there is currently no standard treatment. This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics and demographic data of GLM patients and to compare the overall effectiveness of three treatment methods: surgery alone, triple anti-tuberculosis drug therapy alone, and combined surgery with triple anti-tuberculosis drug therapy, with the goal of providing new insights for clinical treatment.